Cataracts
Cataracts are the leading cause of visual loss. They form in the natural lens of the eye behind the iris and pupil. The lens acts like a camera in the eye. It focuses light onto the retina. The lens is made up of water and protein. When the protein clumps together as a part of the ageing process, areas of cloudiness develop in the lens. As the process evolves the areas of cloudiness increase in size and the cataract enlarges. This causes a reduction in vision and may also cause glare either during the day or night.
Types of Cataracts
Nuclear sclerosis forms in the centre of the lens. This may initially improve a patients near vision, which is known as second sight.
Cortical cataracts form in the periphery in a spoke like manner.
Posterior subcapsular cataracts form on the back surface of the lens.
Oxidative stress from poor lifestyle has been associated with the development of cataract. Therefore foods high in antioxidants may prevent the development of cataracts.
Omega 3 fatty acids found in oily fish
Leutin and Xeaxanthin caretinoids are found in orange vegetables and leafy green vegetables
Vitamin E found in green leafy vegetables and seeds
Vitamin C
Sunglasses that block out 100% of UV rays are also advisable.
When your vision deteriorates to a point that it interferes with your daily activities, surgery is advised. Prior to this, spectacles, magnifiers and improved lighting may be used.
Cataract surgery is considered a minor procedure and is the most common elective procedure. It involves removing the cloudy lens and replacing it with a plastic intraocular lens (IOL). There are a variety of lenses available on the market that correct not only distance vision, but both distance and near vision. In addition lenses that correct astigmatism are popular too.
